Blurry vision is the loss of vision that makes the eye out of focus.
All age groups are affected with blurriness. At the age of 65 one in three people might get affected
Pathophysiology of blurred vision:
Blurred vision may result from refractive errors, opacity of structures ((lens,cornea,vitreous), retina and optic nerve diseases.
Refractive error:
The light entering the eyes does not bend properly resulting in blurred vision
photophobia or sensitivity to light
xerophthalmia
eye strain
cannot able to focus the object properly
headache
sometimes double vision
Acuity is measured when the patient stands 6m away from the snellens chart.If this could not be measured the chart can be held at 36 cm away from the site. Each eye is tested separately by closing one with an solid object or finger tightly. If the patient cannot see within 6m then 3 m is tested with the help of chart.
If the patient finds difficult to see the chart then the ophthalmologist prefer by keeping different numbers in finger and ask those persons to count them.
The examiner uses this to check whether the patient is able to perceive the finger or else he tends to reflects the light in the patient’s eye to look for perception of reflection.
Then the visual acuity is checked. The acuity is checked with or without the use of glasses. If the acuity is checked with glasses and it is correctable then it accounts for refractive error.
If patients do not have their glasses, a pinhole refractor is used. If a commercial pinhole refractor is unavailable, one can be made at the bedside by poking holes through a piece of cardboard using an 18-gauge needle and varying the diameter of each hole slightly. Patients choose the hole that corrects vision the most.
If acuity corrects with pinhole refraction, the problem is a refractive error. Pinhole refraction is a rapid, efficient way to diagnose refractive errors, which are the most common cause of blurred vision. However, with pinhole refraction, best correction is usually to only about 20/30, not 20/20.
Eye examination:
The eye is checked for pupillary reflex by flashlight. The cornea is tested for opacification. This is used for accommodation reflex.
Assess the macular function with Amsler grid- this examines the central vision.The amsler grid contains many squares and this test is used to access the corners,rows and columns of the square.
Extra ocular movements should be checked.
The prognosis is good on correcting the refractive errors or taking proper tretment.
Rest, repair, and recovery:
Avoid triggers: